The Environmental Analysis in Ethiopia
Ethiopia has a tropical monsoon climate with a wide topographic-induced variation. It has a high plateau terrain with a central mountain range divided by the Great Rift Valley.
Impacts on the Environment in Ethiopia
According to the World Bank, 51.09% of the population has access to electricity (2020). Ethiopia generates 3.8% of its electricity from wind power, 0.1% through solar power, 95.8% through hydropower, and 0.3% through biomass and garbage.
- Forests will cover 15.1% of the land by 2020. In 2018, permanent pasture made up 20%, permanent crops made up 1.1%, and arable land made up 15.2% of the total land area, making up 36.3% of the total land area.
- As of 2017, Annual freshwater withdrawals were 10.548 billion cubic meters with 51.1 million for industrial use, 810 million for municipal use, and 9.687 billion for agricultural.
- Some important natural resources include modest amounts of gold, platinum, copper, potash, natural gas, and hydropower.
- Active in geology Natural risks in the Great Rift Valley include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and recurring droughts.
Downsides on Environment
- Deforestation, excessive grazing, soil erosion, desertification, biodiversity loss, water shortages in some places due to water-intensive farming, and poor management.
- Some current environmental challenges include the contribution of industrial pollution and pesticides to air, water, and soil contamination.
- Co2 emissions for Ethiopia in 2020 were 0.13 metric tons per capita, the 12th lowest in Africa and vastly below the continent’s average of roughly 1 metric ton per capita(2020).
- In absolute terms, Ethiopia is ranked 12th emitting 16 million metric tons of CO2 emissions (2020).
- As of September 2022, Ethiopia reported a total of 493,579 covid cases with almost 52.5 million population with at least one covid vaccine dose.
