The Political And Legal Environment in Morocco
Morocco is independent on 2nd March 1956 from France. There are several previous constitutions. The latest draft on 17th June 2011 was approved by referendum on 1 July 2011. There are some sources that disagree on whether the 2011 referendum was for a new constitution or for reforms to the previous constitution.
- Morocco has a political stability index of weak rights, ranking 22 in Africa and 126 globally (1973 – 2020).
- Morocco has a Corruption Perceptions Index score of 39 (considerate amount) , ranked 87 out of 180 globally (2021).
- Morocco’s overall Rule of Law Index score is -0.24, ranked 104th out of 192 globally and number 12 out of 53 regional African countries (2021).
- Morocco’s Human Freedom Score is 5.9/10 with a global ranking of 134 out of 165.
Morocco's legislative branch the bicameral Parliament consists of the:
- House of Councilors or Majlis al-Mustacharine (120 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college of local councils, professional organizations, and labor unions; members serve 6-year terms).
- House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nawab (395 seats; 305 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 90 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; each member serves a 5-year term).
- Note – 60 seats reserved for women and 30 seats for those under age 40 in regional multi-seat constituencies, with the seats divided proportionally among the 12 regions by population size of the region.
Practices mixed legal system of civil law based on French civil law and Islamic (sharia) law; judicial review of legislative acts by Constitutional Court.
- Its Regulatory Quality Index rating (1996-2020) is -.12 points, ranked 8th in Africa and 98th globally.
- Morocco has a political right index of 2(strong rights), ranking 25 in Africa and 60 globally (1973-2020).
- Executive Branch: King MOHAMMED VI (since 30 July 1999).
There are 12 regions in Nigeria. They are as below
- Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Casablanca-Settat, Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab, Draa-Tafilalet, Fes-Meknes, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Marrakech-Safi, Oriental, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Souss-Massa, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima.
The highest court is the Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of 5-judge panels organized into civil, family matters, commercial, administrative, social, and criminal sections); the Constitutional Court (consists of 12 members).
- 36.86% of seats held in the national parliament are women, the 36th highest globally and the 9th lowest in Africa (2021).
- Parliamentary constitutional monarchy is the government type. The monarchy is hereditary; the prime minister is appointed by the monarch from the majority party following legislative elections.
